2025年9月16日，国家发改委发布了一篇署名文章《坚定落实纵深推进全国统一大市场建设各项部署》，再次强调了当前加快建设全国统一大市场的迫切性，彰显出贯彻落地的决心。

其实这个提法并不是最近才开始，早在2022年4月，中共中央、国务院就发布《关于加快建设全国统一大市场的意见》，明确提出要“打破地方保护和市场分割，促进商品要素资源在更大范围内畅通流动”。此后，相关政策进入密集落地期，从压缩市场准入负面清单、全国数据交易机构实现互认互通，到南方电力市场启动连续结算试运行，国家在从各方面入手打造新型市场的“地基”。

小编认为，这项政策带来的将是国内市场格局的系统性大调整，可以说是一项“大工程”，要真正实现，必然有一个持久改造期。这两年正是打稳“四梁八柱”的关键期，这也是为什么总书记在7月份又一次在二十届中央财经委员会第六次会议上亲自强调这项任务的艰巨性和决心。

从政策指向来看，并不回避当前国内市场的一些乱象弊端，更是明确要从“无序竞争、招标乱象、招商引资、制度短板“入手开工。铲除弊端，既会从政策入手，也会引导市场转型，这必然也会导向相关重点产业的发展，特别是一些能发挥“地基性”作用的产业，将率先迎来大利好！

On September 16, 2025, the National Development and Reform Commission (NDRC) released a signed article Firmly Implementing and Deepening All Deployments for Building a National Unified Market, re-emphasizing the urgency of accelerating the construction of a national unified market and demonstrating determination for implementation.

In fact, this initiative is not new. As early as April 2022, the CPC Central Committee and the State Council issued Opinions on Accelerating the Construction of a National Unified Market, clearly stating the need to "break local protection and market segmentation, and promote the smooth flow of commodity factor resources on a larger scale". Since then, relevant policies have been rolled out intensively – from shortening the market access negative list and realizing mutual recognition of national data trading institutions to launching continuous settlement trials in the Southern Power Market – the state has been laying the "foundation" for a new-type market in various aspects.

The author holds that this policy will bring systematic adjustments to the domestic market structure, and it can be called a "major project" that requires a long transformation period to be truly realized. These two years are crucial for solidifying the "core framework". This is why General Secretary emphasized the arduousness of this task and the determination at the 6th meeting of the 20th Central Financial and Economic Commission in July.

From the policy orientation, it does not avoid current chaos and drawbacks in the domestic market, but clearly targets "disordered competition, bidding irregularities, investment promotion issues and institutional shortcomings" to address them. To eliminate these drawbacks, efforts will be made both through policies and guiding market transformation, which will inevitably drive the development of key industries – especially those with "foundational" roles, which will be the first to embrace major benefits.

全国统一大市场，绝非简单地将各地市场相加、地理空间整合，而是通过“五统一、一开放” ，打造一个高效循环的经济生态系统。

1、统一市场基础制度：要建立统一的产权保护、市场准入负面清单、公平竞争、社会信用等制度，消除以往各地制度差异带来的市场壁垒。例如，2025年新修订的《反不正当竞争法》重点整治平台“内卷式”竞争；在市场准入方面，严格落实“全国一张清单”管理模式，让符合资质的企业能够自由、平等地进入行业领域，无论是国企还是民营、无论大企业还是中小企业，都享有同等待遇。

2、统一市场基础设施：推动交通、物流、信息通信等多个领域的基础设施跨区域协同。例如，在交通上，推动交通运输设施跨区域一体化发展，消除“断头路”；在物流方面，推动国家物流枢纽网络建设，发展多式联运，降低物流成本，其中全国船舶检验”通检互认”覆盖主要航线。

3、统一要素资源市场：推动土地、劳动力、资本、技术、数据等生产要素在全国范围内自由流动。例如，南方区域电力市场在6月底成为全球规模最大的统一出清电力现货市场，电价随供需实时波动，预计日交易电量规模达38亿千瓦时。

4、统一市场监管执法：消除各地监管标准差异，确保市场监管行政处罚裁量基准统一，避免企业在不同地域面临执法宽严不一的情况。例如，2025年开展“反内卷”攻坚战，多地政府协同发力，完善政绩考核、加强反垄断执法力度。

5、扩大对内对外开放：对内破除地方保护、市场分割，充分释放超大规模市场潜力，激发市场活力。对外扩大服务业、金融业等领域外资的准入，吸引全球优质资源加注。

A national unified market is not merely the sum of local markets or geographical integration. Instead, it builds an efficiently circulating economic ecosystem via the "Five Unifications and One Opening".

1. Unified basic market systems: Establish unified systems for property rights protection, market access negative lists, fair competition and social credit to remove market barriers from past regional institutional differences. For example, the 2025 revised Anti-Unfair Competition Law focuses on regulating platform "involutionary" competition; in market access, the "national unified list" management is strictly implemented, enabling qualified enterprises—state-owned or private, large or small—to enter industries freely and equally.

2. Unified market infrastructure: Promote cross-regional coordination of infrastructure in transportation, logistics, information and communications. E.g., in transportation, advance integrated cross-regional development of transport facilities to eliminate "broken roads"; in logistics, build national logistics hub networks, develop multimodal transport to cut costs, with "unified inspection and mutual recognition" for national ship inspection covering major routes.

3. Unified factor resource market: Facilitate free flow of production factors (land, labor, capital, technology, data) nationwide. For instance, the Southern Regional Electricity Market became the world's largest unified clearing electricity spot market by end-June, with real-time electricity price fluctuations based on supply and demand, and an expected daily transaction volume of 3.8 billion kWh.

4. Unified market supervision and law enforcement: Eliminate regional differences in supervision standards, ensure unified discretion criteria for market supervision administrative penalties, and prevent enterprises from facing inconsistent law enforcement across regions. E.g., the 2025 "anti-involution" campaign was launched, with governments in multiple regions collaborating to improve performance evaluation and strengthen anti-monopoly law enforcement.

5. Expand domestic and foreign opening-up: Break local protection and market segmentation domestically to fully release the potential of the super-large market and stimulate vitality; expand foreign investment access in services, finance and other fields internationally to attract high-quality global resources.

1、能源与公共事业行业：政策中特别提到要“建设全国统一的能源市场”和“建立健全油气期货产品体系”，这意味电、煤、油、气等能源要素将实现更有效的跨区域配置。例如，在电力市场，为满足新能源接入和电力稳定供应的需求，绿电交易将更加活跃，电网基础设施建设和储能行业将迎来发展机遇。在油气行业，将加速管道网络建设，期货交易市场中相关企业将受益。

2、物流与交通运输行业：统一大市场要建设“现代流通网络”，这意味着物流企业将迎来增速发展的机遇。像顺丰、京东物流、中通等综合物流巨头，凭借广泛的网络布局，规模优势将进一步凸显；公铁水空联动的相关企业也将受益，为运输方式间高效衔接提供解决方案；冷链物流也将顺势迎来需求爆发期，特别是人们对生鲜、药品等需求。

3、供应链管理与企业服务（SaaS）行业：在全国统一大市场中，供应链复杂度呈指数级上升，企业需要专业的供应链管理和企业服务（SaaS）来优化全国范围内的采购、生产、库存和分销网络，快速了解原材料的库存情况、生产进度以及产品的配送状态，及时做出调整，降低运营成本。

4、电子商务与零售行业：物流成本下降、效率提升，将直接利好电商平台和品牌商。未来，商品将以更低的成本、更快的速度送达消费者手中。阿里、京东、拼多多等综合电商平台，以及直播电商等新兴电商模式，将迎来更广阔的发展空间。品牌零售商也能借此拓宽销售渠道，提升市场份额。

1. Energy & Public Utilities: The policy specifically mentions "building a national unified energy market" and "improving the oil and gas futures product system", enabling more efficient cross-regional allocation of energy factors (electricity, coal, oil, gas). For example, in the electricity market, green power trading will grow to meet new energy integration and stable supply needs, benefiting power grid infrastructure and energy storage sectors. In oil and gas, pipeline network construction will accelerate,benefiting related enterprises in the futures market.

2. Logistics & Transportation: The unified market plans to build a "modern circulation network", boosting logistics enterprises. Giants like SF Express, JD Logistics and ZTO will strengthen scale advantages via extensive networks; enterprises engaged in road-rail-water-air linkage will benefit by enabling efficient transport connections; cold chain logistics will see surging demand, especially for fresh produce and pharmaceuticals.

3. Supply Chain Management & Enterprise Services (SaaS): In the national unified market, supply chain complexity rises exponentially. Enterprises need professional supply chain management and SaaS to optimize nationwide procurement, production, inventory and distribution—tracking raw material stock, production progress and delivery status for timely adjustments and lower costs.

4. E-commerce & Retail: Lower logistics costs and higher efficiency will directly benefit e-commerce platforms and brands. Goods will reach consumers at lower costs and faster speeds. Platforms like Alibaba, JD.com and Pinduoduo, plus emerging models like live-streaming e-commerce, will gain broader space. Brand retailers can expand channels and increase market share.

对于普通投资者而言，可以优先关注以上行业的企业，特别是这三个方向：

一是物流与供应链中的专业第三方物流公司、多式联运企业、数字化物流平台。二是数据要素相关企业与科技企业，特别是数据交易机构、人工智能等企业。三是电力与新能源企业，可以关注光伏、风电、储能中优质企业，以及电力设备制造商。

虽然全国大一统市场建设已经取得阶段性成果，但在目前情况下，地方保护、行业垄断等深层矛盾还没有完全解决。投资者需要警惕依赖地方隐性补贴生存的企业，也要随时关注政策落地进度和法规变化。

For ordinary investors, priority can be given to enterprises in the above industries, especially those in three areas: first, professional third-party logistics companies, multimodal transport enterprises and digital logistics platforms in logistics and supply chains; second, data element-related enterprises and tech firms, especially data trading institutions and AI companies; third, power and new energy enterprises, including high-quality PV, wind power and energy storage firms, as well as power equipment manufacturers.

Although phased progress has been made in building the national unified market, deep-seated issues like local protection and industry monopoly remain unresolved. Investors need to be alert to enterprises relying on local implicit subsidies and keep an eye on policy implementation progress and regulatory changes.